Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines

doi: 10.1038/s41541-019-0099-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: VaxArray Influenza Seasonal Neuraminidase Potency Assay (VXI-sNA). a Illustration of a VXI-sNA microarray slide containing 16 identical microarrays in 16 wells. b Schematic of the VXI-sNA array layout of subtype-specific antibodies to N1, N2 subtypes and B-NA. Two different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are printed for each subtype and distinguished from one another using (i) or (ii) labeling. The array contains nine replicate spots (~200 µm in diameter) of each monoclonal antibody. c Immunoassay schematic. d Qualitative assessment of VXI-sNA capture mAbs for detection of a panel of recent vaccine strains produced across multiple production platforms with a blue box and checkmark to indicate mAb detection of the listed antigen. Detection was defined as 3× the background intensity. e Signal intensities for each VXI-sNA capture mAb against a panel of historical FluZone vaccines from 2004 to 2012. White/empty boxes indicate signal intensity below the 3× background intensity cutoff, yellow indicates signal intensity between 3× and 20× background intensity, green indicates between 20×–40× background, and blue indicates between 40× and fluorescence saturation

Article Snippet: Samples were labeled with the NA A&B pAb Label (InDevR, Cat # 7616) and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System and Software.

Techniques: Potency Assay, Microarray, Labeling, Produced, Fluorescence

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines

doi: 10.1038/s41541-019-0099-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Linear dynamic range comparison of VaxArray Influenza Seasonal NA Potency Assay (VXI-sNA) and a neuraminidase (NA) activity assay. Serial dilutions of four antigens were analyzed by VXI-sNA and an NA activity assay. VXI-sNA response curves, enzymatic activity response curves, and a correlation plot of one of the VXI-sNA capture antibody vs. NA activity are shown, respectively, for H1N1 A/California (CBER, Lot # 76) ( a – c ), H3N2 A/Hong Kong (CBER, Lot # 84) ( d – f ), B/Brisbane (CBER, Lot # 77) ( g – i ), and B/Phuket/3073/2013 (CBER, Lot # 90) ( j – l ). For correlation plots ( c , f , i , l ), the signal responses for N1(i), N2(i), and NB(i) are plotted against the corresponding activity response. Error bars for VXI-sNA represent the standard deviation of the nine antibody spots for the corresponding capture antibody for each array. Error bars for the enzymatic activity represent previously determined representative error of the assay (2.5%)

Article Snippet: Samples were labeled with the NA A&B pAb Label (InDevR, Cat # 7616) and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System and Software.

Techniques: Potency Assay, Activity Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines

doi: 10.1038/s41541-019-0099-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Precision. A trivalent mixture of H1N1 A/California (CBER, Lot # 76), H3N2 A/Hong Kong (CBER, Lot # 84), and B/Phuket (CBER, Lot # 80) antigen was diluted to three concentrations and analyzed in eight replicates against a standard curve generated from the same trivalent mixture. All concentrations were normalized to the N1 concentration. The experiment was performed by three separate users, on three separate days, with three separate reagent lots, represented by the three different colored points in a . The average neuraminidase (NA) concentration of all 24 replicates across all 3 days for each antibody is shown as a thick black bar. Error bars represent the standard deviation of all 24 replicates. b The relative standard deviation (RSD) is shown for various comparisons, including the high-, medium-, and low-concentration samples, the overall day-to-day variability, and the overall variability including scanning the same slides using different VaxArray Imaging Systems

Article Snippet: Samples were labeled with the NA A&B pAb Label (InDevR, Cat # 7616) and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System and Software.

Techniques: Generated, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation, Imaging

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines

doi: 10.1038/s41541-019-0099-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: VaxArray Influenza Seasonal NA Potency Assay (VXI-sNA) and neuraminidase (NA) activity assay response to thermally degraded antigen. A B/Phuket sample (CBER, Lot # 80) was incubated at 45 °C for up to 10 h. After degradation, each time point was analyzed by VXI-sNA and an NA activity assay and the NA concentration and activity measured in replicate of three. The average %T0 (assay response at the time point divided by the T0, non-degraded, sample response) is plotted for each time point for the NB(i) monoclonal antibody (mAb) (blue curve), NB(ii) mAb (orange curve), and NA activity assay (gray curve). Error bars represent the standard deviation of the triplicate measurements of each time point

Article Snippet: Samples were labeled with the NA A&B pAb Label (InDevR, Cat # 7616) and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System and Software.

Techniques: Potency Assay, Activity Assay, Incubation, Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: A neuraminidase potency assay for quantitative assessment of neuraminidase in influenza vaccines

doi: 10.1038/s41541-019-0099-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantification of neuraminidase (NA) by VaxArray Influenza Seasonal NA Potency Assay (VXI-sNA) in the presence of common interfering agents. The following antigens were spiked into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), allantoic fluid, 40% sucrose, and exhausted Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) medium from uninfected Madin–Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells (tissue culture media) to a final concentration of 2 µg/mL and then analyzed by VXI-sNA: H1N1 A/California (CBER, Lot # 76), H3N2 A/Hong Kong (CBER, Lot # 84), and B/Phuket (CBER, Lot # 80). The VXI-sNA measurements for each capture antibody were then divided by the expected concentration of 2 µg/mL and multiplied by 100 to generate “% Expected Concentrations” that were then plotted individually for each replicate a . VXI-sNA potency determination for influenza antigens spiked into common adjuvants such as aluminum hydroxide (alum) and MF59 is shown in b . For each sample, a PBS-negative control was included. For both a and b each data point represents a single replicate. The thick black bar represents the average across the four replicates. Error bars represent the standard deviation across the four replicates for each sample. The red-dotted line represents the 100% expected concentration for each sample. The shaded red region represents 100% expected concentration plus and minus 10% for a and 5% for b

Article Snippet: Samples were labeled with the NA A&B pAb Label (InDevR, Cat # 7616) and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System and Software.

Techniques: Potency Assay, Modification, Concentration Assay, Negative Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Journal of Immunological Methods

Article Title: Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma

doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Coronavirus antigens present on the VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay.

Article Snippet: Multiplexed fluorescence imaging platform, InDevR VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay, (Boulder, CO, USA) analyzes antibody response to multiple CoVs ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Immunological Methods

Article Title: Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma

doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative slide samples for the VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay. The spike antigens of SARS-CoV, MERS-COV, hCoV-HKU1, hCoV-OC43, hCoV-229E and hCoV-NL63, and the full spike (S, nCoV(i)), receptor binding domain (RBD, nCoV(ii)) and extracellular domain of S (S2, nCoV(iii)) are spotted onto a glass slide (A). Comprised in the slide's 9 × 9 grid, each antigen is represented in a 3 × 3 grid, yielding 9 replicate sets of data for each of the 9 antigens. Representative pre-pandemic sample slides (B) and representative VaxArray positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive sample slides (C).

Article Snippet: Multiplexed fluorescence imaging platform, InDevR VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay, (Boulder, CO, USA) analyzes antibody response to multiple CoVs ( ).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Journal of Immunological Methods

Article Title: Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma

doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody response to coronavirus antigens on the VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay . Ninety-six SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive samples and 30 presumed negative samples were evaluated for IgG antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens (A and C, respectively) and to other hCoVs (B and D, respectively). The normalized fluorescence signals are displayed in two different heat maps; panels A and C with the SARS-CoV-2 antigens displaying a negative, low, medium and high response and panels B and D with the other hCoVs displaying a spectrum with blue indicating a low response and yellow representing a high response. In panel A, an asterisk beside the sample indicates a VaxArray negative sample and the samples highlighted in red indicate that while the nCoV(i) signal was greater than 1.5, the sum of the three antigens was less than 6.18 so the sample was categorized as negative. Representative slides of the SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive samples that were negative on the VaxArray platform (E). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Multiplexed fluorescence imaging platform, InDevR VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay, (Boulder, CO, USA) analyzes antibody response to multiple CoVs ( ).

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal: Journal of Immunological Methods

Article Title: Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma

doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sensitivity and specificity of EDI, EUROIMMUN, and VaxArray assays.

Article Snippet: Multiplexed fluorescence imaging platform, InDevR VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay, (Boulder, CO, USA) analyzes antibody response to multiple CoVs ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Immunological Methods

Article Title: Evaluation of a multiplexed coronavirus antigen array for detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific IgG in COVID-19 convalescent plasma

doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2021.113104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of qualitative results from EDI, EUROIMMUN, and VaxArray to FRNT neutralizing results. Thirty SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive samples were evaluated on EDI, EUROIMMUN, and VaxArray assays. Qualitative results, based on kit-specific cut-off values were compared to FRNT50 titer. The mean FRNT50 titer for VaxArray-classified positive and negative samples is shown as a horizontal bar and the error bars on the negative samples represent one standard deviation. The mean FRNT50 titer plus one standard deviation was used as the negative cut-off for each assay. The three negative samples on the VaxArray platform are highlighted in green across each assay. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Multiplexed fluorescence imaging platform, InDevR VaxArray Coronavirus SeroAssay, (Boulder, CO, USA) analyzes antibody response to multiple CoVs ( ).

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.1101/2022.09.28.509947

Figure Lengend Snippet: Design of VaxArray Pneumococcal Assay. (a) Schematic representation of the VaxArray Pneumococcal Assay Kit microarray slide showing 16 replicate microarrays, (b) individual microarray layout showing 3 replicate spots for each serotype, and fiducial markers in grey at top and bottom, (c) general assay detection scheme showing serotype-specific capture with primary detection and fluorescent secondary detection label. The primary label can either target polysaccharide or CRM197 carrier protein. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software.

Techniques: Microarray

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.1101/2022.09.28.509947

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative fluorescence microarray images demonstrating reactivity and specificity of the VaxArray Pneumococcal Assay after the incubation of 2 µg/mL monovalent Pfizer native PS serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, 33F (ATCC, deposited by Pfizer), a no antigen blank, and a 23-valent mixture containing all serotypes mentioned above.

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microarray, Incubation

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.1101/2022.09.28.509947

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signal correlation between anthrone and VaxArray assays. a) Signal response correlation for S6A native PS from EuBiologics (EuB). Same serial dilution evaluated by the anthrone assay was diluted 100 to 200-fold to perform VaxArray Assay due to VaxArray assay sensitivity. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard deviation (n=3). b) Precision (%RSD) for anthrone and VaxArray assays and associated R 2 value for signal correlation of each sample (n=3 for each concentration of each method).

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software.

Techniques: Serial Dilution, Standard Deviation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111964

Figure Lengend Snippet: Design of VaxArray pneumococcal assay. ( a ) Schematic representation of the VaxArray pneumococcal assay kit microarray slide showing 16 replicate microarrays, A1-H2 represents the location of each microarray; ( b ) individual microarray layout showing 3 replicate spots for each serotype, with fiducial markers in grey at top and bottom; and ( c ) general assay detection scheme showing serotype-specific capture with primary detection and fluorescent secondary detection label. The primary label can either target polysaccharide or CRM197 carrier protein. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article).

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images were processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software (v2.2, InDevR Inc).

Techniques: Microarray

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111964

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative fluorescence microarray images demonstrating reactivity and specificity of the VaxArray pneumococcal assay after the incubation of 2 µg/mL monovalent Pfizer native PS serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 8, 9N, 9V, 10A, 12F, 14, 15B, 17F, 18C, 19A, 19F, 20, 22F, 23F, and 33F (ATCC, deposited by Pfizer); a no antigen blank; and a 23-valent mixture containing all serotypes mentioned above.

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images were processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software (v2.2, InDevR Inc).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microarray, Incubation

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111964

Figure Lengend Snippet: Native PS reactivity. Signal-to-blank ratios (S/Bl) on the VaxArray 23-valent pneumococcal assay for Pfizer native PS materials (ATCC, deposited by Pfizer) at 2 µg/mL; columns represent each serotype-specific capture antibody, and rows represent each serotype of native PS tested. Text in bold green shows S/Bl ≥ 3 generated for the matched PS and capture antibody. Text in bold black shows S/Bl ≥ 3 generated on off-target capture antibody indicating cross-reactivity.

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images were processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software (v2.2, InDevR Inc).

Techniques: Generated, Microarray

Journal: Vaccines

Article Title: 30-Minute Highly Multiplexed VaxArray Immunoassay for Pneumococcal Vaccine Antigen Characterization

doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111964

Figure Lengend Snippet: Signal correlation between anthrone and VaxArray assays. ( a ) Signal response correlation for S6A native PS from EuBiologics (EuB). The same serial dilution evaluated by the anthrone assay was diluted 100- to 200-fold to perform VaxArray assay due to VaxArray assay sensitivity. Error bars indicate ± 1 standard deviation (n = 3). ( b ) Precision (%RSD) for anthrone and VaxArray assays and associated R2 value for signal correlation of each sample (n = 3 for each concentration of each method).

Article Snippet: Slides were dried and imaged using the VaxArray Imaging System (VX-6000, InDevR Inc.), and images were processed using the VaxArray Analysis Software (v2.2, InDevR Inc).

Techniques: Serial Dilution, Standard Deviation, Concentration Assay